Installation of a gas boiler in an apartment: detailed instructions for obtaining permission to connect, designing an individual heating system in an apartment building and installation, prices for connection and

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Published: 04/04/2020

Reading time: 5 min

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According to existing urban planning standards, installing a gas boiler in an apartment in a multi-storey building instead of central heating is quite acceptable.

Experienced owners of an autonomous boiler room say that in order to obtain official permission to operate a boiler in an apartment building, they will need to go through several stages of registration and approval of a package of documents with regulatory agencies, draw up technical specifications, prepare a project for gasification of the boiler room and purchase equipment according to design specifications.

1 Standards for installing gas equipment in an apartment
2 Number of floors and other requirements for gasification
3 Procedure for registration of technical specifications
4 Project design
5 Room requirements 5.1 Best location for installation
5.2 Requirements for the chimney

6 Procedure for installing a gas boiler in an apartment

7 Compliance with safety

Standards for installing gas equipment in an apartment

If a multi-storey building has central heating, then the subscriber first of all needs to terminate the contract for heating services with the supplier.

And the administration of central heating networks will not always do this on a voluntary basis; one must prepare for the fact that the procedure for terminating the contract will have to be carried out through the courts.

The subscriber must also understand that in this case the supply of hot water to the apartment will be turned off and he must take care of the source of the hot water supply in advance.

Basic provisions for the conversion of living space with the installation of a gas boiler in an apartment in an apartment building are included in Part 1 of Article 25 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, as well as Resolution No. 170 of the specialized committee for construction and housing and communal services dated September 27, 2003.

The current SNIiP establishes the dimensions of the furnace room and the height dimensions of the room. In addition, he requires the boiler owners to change the size of the smoke ventilation ducts, since initially they were designed in the apartment only to remove combustion products during food preparation.

Basic requirements for gas ducts for gas boilers equipped in an apartment building:

The cross-section of the smoke exhaust duct cannot be less than the cross-section of the smoke boiler pipe;
gas boilers with an upper smoke exhaust are equipped with a vertical smoke exhaust with a length of at least 250 mm, and only then bends are allowed;
no more than three bends may be installed along the full length of the gas duct;
between the flue outlet through the wall, the distance to the ceiling must be at least 200 mm.

Is it possible to install

According to building codes and regulations, installation of gas heating equipment in an apartment is possible if the room meets the requirements, including sufficient dimensions of the room allocated for the boiler room, proper operation of the smoke exhaust system in accordance with existing technical requirements. Equipment can only be installed in utility rooms.

Before installing boiler equipment, you must cancel the contract with the company that services the central heating main. If the contract needs to be terminated unilaterally, you will have to file a claim through the court. In addition to disconnection from central heating, refusal of the organization’s services will lead to a shutdown of the hot water supply.

Single-circuit boiler

The new boiler will heat the coolant circulating through the heating system and provide hot water supply.

Installation of equipment in houses with a central heating system

Is it possible to install a gas heating boiler in an apartment with central heating? The regulations that regulate the possibility of installing a boiler in an apartment building are described in Federal Law No. 190 and No. 83 (as amended).

It is necessary to contact Gosnadzor to obtain documents and operating conditions for carrying out reconstruction in the apartment. It is impossible to replace the heating system and install a boiler instead of central heating without this. Technical specifications are a permitting document for commissioning equipment in the house. Then you can terminate the contract with the district heating company.

Double-circuit boiler

Is it possible to use gas in cylinders?

Gas boilers in houses and apartments can only be connected to a centralized gas supply system. The use of liquefied gas supplied in cylinders is permitted in the following cases:

The building is two stories or higher.
No more than one cylinder can be placed in one room at a time.
The cylinder is located at a distance of at least 50 cm from the stove and more than 1 m from other heating devices. A screen is erected between the elements, which will protect the gas container from heating and diffusion.
The boiler is installed in rooms with good ventilation. The stove may only be connected using a corrugated metal hose.

Liquefied gas has a high cost, so using it as the main fuel is unprofitable. It is used only in case of interruptions in gas supply in the central pipeline.

Connected cylinders

Number of storeys and other requirements for gasification

In accordance with the current SNiP and SP, installation or relocation of a gas boiler in an apartment building is permitted if there is the required space and a reliable smoke exhaust system that complies with the rules for the safe operation of gas equipment.

Such equipment is installed only in non-residential rooms: the kitchen or auxiliary rooms with a window, door and reliable ventilation.

The number of floors is of great importance for obtaining permission. Previously, limits were set for the installation of gas boilers from 5 to 9 floors.

Now the standards for installing a gas boiler have been clarified by clause 5.18 of SP 402-1325800/18, it is allowed to install an autonomous boiler in residential buildings up to 28 m high.

The procedure for drawing up technical specifications

Technical specifications are obtained from the regional branch of the gas supply organization. This is the most important document; without it, starting work on arranging an autonomous heating source is simply pointless.

The gas supplier must accept the application, determine whether it is possible to install a gas boiler in the apartment, issue the technical specifications to the customer, or give a written refusal with reasoning.

The owner of the premises can appeal the actions of the monopolist in court.

It is better to entrust the preparation of an application to a specialist, because the initially incorrect indicated boiler power will later cause poor-quality heat supply.

Considering that not all customers today are technically able to prepare the necessary documents, there are organizations that undertake to install a gas boiler in an apartment on a turnkey basis, from the moment they receive the specifications until they put it into operation. It will be a little more expensive, but with a guarantee of results.

To obtain permits for the development of project documentation, you will need to obtain an opinion from the fire department, housing and communal services on the condition of the ventilation systems.

If the ventilation cannot ensure the operation of the boiler, especially for structures with open fireboxes, the inspection issues an order for the reconstruction of the ventilation systems.

Is it possible to install an AGV in an apartment?

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Answer

Project design

The project is developed taking into account the actual condition of the apartment and all the pros and cons of the boiler, as well as the conditions noted in the technical specifications. The creation of a project can only be carried out by specialists who have a license to carry out the relevant work.

Next, the finished project is sent for approval to the regional branches of the supervisory departments that control the safe operation of gas equipment: Gorgaz, fire inspection, SES, management company, architecture and other interested organizations involved in the operation of utility networks of an apartment building. A list of approvals can be obtained from the municipal architecture department.

An approximate list of documents for obtaining approval for the installation of a gas boiler:

Project with diagrams and equipment specifications.
Technical data sheet of the boiler from the manufacturer.
Instructions for trouble-free boiler maintenance from the manufacturer.
Certificates for a gas boiler in an apartment and equipment for compliance with state quality standards, fire safety requirements and SES.

Algorithm of actions of the owner to obtain permission

There is a certain category of citizens whose individualism and disregard for the interests of other owners cannot be explained. Having set the goal of installing individual heating in an apartment, they are ready to endure a lot of inconvenience associated with going to various authorities for the purpose of approval and obtaining permits, carrying out an expensive reconstruction of existing utility networks, and only after that realizing that the cost savings they were counting on are not so significant. and technical solutions to regulate the temperature in the apartment have long been found and do not require such large-scale and radical solutions as disconnecting from the centralized heating system.

The algorithm of actions for installing a gas boiler in an apartment building is prescribed in Government Decree No. 549 (08/21/2008).

Step 1. Submitting an application to the resource supplying organization responsible for gas supply (usually Gorgaz). After studying the technical documentation for the house, the organization issues a conclusion on the fundamental possibility or prohibition of such actions;

Step 2. Development of a reconstruction project. It can be ordered exclusively from a design office that has the appropriate license to design work related to the installation of gas equipment. All gas equipment included in the project cannot subsequently be replaced with another without changing the entire project;

Step 3. Coordination with fire authorities. At this stage, fire inspection specialists on site study the condition of the ventilation shafts, the possibility of placing a chimney and draw up a list of work necessary for installing the equipment. Upon completion, the specialist returns to the site and draws up a report. Only after this is permission to install the equipment issued;

Step 4. An application is submitted to the resource supplying organization to refuse the heat supply service. On-site specialists determine the scope of work to turn off the heat supply in a separate apartment. They calculate the costs of the work and calculate compensation for losses from changes to the facility’s heat supply plan.

Step 5. Concluding an agreement with Gorgaz for the installation and maintenance of installed equipment.

Step 6. Submitting an application to the service organization (UK or TSN) for access to the shut-off valves of the heat supply system and to the technical floors of the building.

Step 7. Connecting to the gas main and setting up the equipment before starting operation. Sealing of gas consumption meters, issuance of a service book for subsequent maintenance.

On average, the process of approval and obtaining permits takes 2-2.5 months , provided that none of the organizations refuses.

Premises requirements

The room allocated for installing a boiler in an apartment in an apartment building must meet fire safety and sanitary requirements.

Installation of gas boilers is permitted in non-residential premises of the permissible volume of a room with a door and window.

The wall for placing the boiler must be solid or additionally reinforced so that it can withstand the structure of the unit.

All surfaces adjacent to the boiler must be insulated with heat-resistant material, including the floor and ceiling. The front of the boiler must have a free space of at least 100 cm for its maintenance and repair.

Main characteristics of non-residential premises for installing a boiler in accordance with SNiP 42-01 and MDS 41.2-2000:

minimum ceiling height - 2.5 m;
window area at the rate of 0.03 m2 per 1 m3 of room volume;
the design of the room elements must correspond to a fire resistance of at least REI 45;
the door in the room must have a width of 80 cm and a bottom gap of 2 cm;
the room must have supply and exhaust ventilation with 3 air changes per hour according to the volume of the room, plus additional volume for burning gas fuel in the boiler.

Best place to install

The most suitable room is the kitchen, especially since it already has a gas inlet. The minimum furnace area for placing a boiler unit with a closed firebox must be at least 4 m2.

If the owner has doubts about the placement of the boiler in an apartment in a multi-storey building, it is necessary to consult the gas service, which will check the technical capabilities of the existing rooms, especially since this study will be mandatory before issuing technical specifications.

Chimney requirements

Smoke exhaust and ventilation systems ensure the safe operation of gas boilers for heating an apartment, therefore they are subject to special requirements from the gas, fire inspection and SES.

In most cases, the ventilation system for apartments in low-rise buildings is not designed to remove boiler flue gases, so it is preferable to install a gas boiler with a closed combustion chamber, having a coaxial flue located horizontally with an outlet through the wall.

The advantage of this design is that air will be taken from outside the room through the external pipe of the coaxial system, that is, it will not affect the sanitary and epidemiological quality of the air in the living room.

The cross-sectional size of the coaxial chimney is determined by the boiler manufacturer and is indicated in the boiler equipment passport.

Where you can and where you can’t install a gas boiler

The rules for installing a gas boiler provide the following requirements for installing a HEATING boiler, regardless of whether it also provides DHW or not:

The boiler must be installed in a separate room - a furnace (boiler room) with an area of at least 4 square meters. m., with a ceiling height of at least 2.5 m. The rules also state that the volume of the room must be at least 8 cubic meters. Based on this, you can find indications that a ceiling of 2 m is acceptable. This is incorrect. 8 cubic meters is the minimum free volume.
The furnace room must have an opening window, and the width of the door (not the doorway) must be at least 0.8 m.
Finishing the furnace with flammable materials and the presence of a false ceiling or false floor are unacceptable.
The combustion chamber must be provided with an air flow through a through, non-closed vent with a cross-section of at least 8 sq.cm. per 1 kW of boiler power.

Note: 8 cubic meters free - with a boiler power of up to 30 kW. For power from 31 to 60 kW – 13.5 cubic meters; for power from 61 to 200 kW 15 cubic meters. For boilers with a closed combustion chamber, the volume of the combustion chamber is not standardized, but the dimensions must still be observed.

For any boilers, including wall-mounted hot water boilers, the following general standards must also be met:

The boiler exhaust must exit into a separate flue (often incorrectly called a chimney); using ventilation ducts for this is unacceptable - life-threatening combustion products can reach neighbors or other rooms.
The length of the horizontal part of the flue should not exceed 3 m within the combustion chamber and have no more than 3 rotation angles.
The flue outlet must be vertical and raised above the ridge of the roof or the highest point of the gable on a flat roof by at least 1 m.
Since combustion products form chemically aggressive substances when cooling, the chimney must be made of heat- and chemically resistant solid materials. Use of layered materials, e.g. asbestos-cement pipes, permissible at a distance of at least 5 m from the edge of the boiler exhaust pipe.

When installing a wall-mounted hot water gas boiler in the kitchen, additional conditions must be met:

The height of the boiler suspension along the edge of the lowest pipe is not lower than the top of the sink spout, but not less than 800 mm from the floor.
The space under the boiler must be free.
A durable fireproof metal sheet 1x1 m should be laid on the floor under the boiler. Gas workers and firefighters do not recognize the strength of asbestos cement - it wears out, and the SES prohibits having anything containing asbestos in the house.
There should be no cavities in the room in which combustion products or an explosive gas mixture can accumulate.

If the boiler is used for heating, then the gas workers (who, by the way, are not very friendly with the heating network - it always owes them for gas) will also check the condition of the heating system in the apartment/house:

The slope of horizontal sections of pipes must be positive, but not more than 5 mm per linear meter of water flow.
An expansion tank and an air valve must be installed at the highest point of the system. It is useless to convince you that you will buy a “cool” boiler that has everything provided for: rules are rules.
The condition of the heating system must allow it to be pressurized under a pressure of 1.8 atm.

The requirements, as we see, are strict, but justified - gas is gas. Therefore, it is better not to think about a gas boiler, even a water heating one, if:

You live in a Khrushchev block or other apartment building without a main gas duct.
If you have a false ceiling in your kitchen that you don’t want to remove, or a permanent mezzanine. On a mezzanine with a bottom made of wood or fiberboard, which in principle can be removed, and then there will be no mezzanine, gas workers turn a blind eye.
If your apartment is not privatized, you can only rely on a hot water boiler: allocating a room for a furnace means redevelopment, which only the owner can do.

In all other cases, it is possible to install a hot water boiler in an apartment; wall heating is possible, but floor heating is very problematic.

In a private house, you can install any boiler: the rules do not require that the furnace be located directly in the house. If you make an extension to the house from the outside to serve as a furnace room, then the authorities will only have less reason to find fault. You can install a high-power floor-standing gas boiler in it to heat not only the mansion, but also the office premises.

For middle-class private housing, the optimal solution is a wall-mounted boiler; it does not require, as for a floor one, to install a brick or concrete tray with sides of half a meter. Installing a wall-mounted gas boiler in a private house also avoids technical and organizational difficulties: a fireproof closet under the furnace can always be fenced off, at least in the attic.

The procedure for installing a gas boiler in an apartment

The gas boiler is installed by a special installation organization that has permits for the right to carry out the relevant work. Work is carried out exclusively according to the approved project.

After the project is approved by regulatory authorities, the appropriate equipment is selected according to the specifications. Before installing the gas boiler, the completeness and serviceability of the purchased goods are checked.

Algorithm for performing installation work in an apartment with central heating in a multi-storey building:

Install a protective fire-resistant coating on the wall of the unit.
An anchor fastening is placed under the horizontal level; it usually comes complete with the boiler.
Hang the unit on the mount and check the horizontal level.
The boiler is connected to in-house engineering systems: water, heating pipes and electrical networks.
Connecting the boiler on the gas side with the installation of a commercial gas meter is carried out by a representative of Gorgaz.
Connecting the power supply and installing a protective grounding system from the gas boiler is carried out by electrical personnel.
Connect to electricity and check the functionality of the grounding system.
The first start-up after checking compliance with the rules for installing a gas boiler is carried out by a representative of Gorgaz.
An act of putting the boiler into operation is drawn up with representatives of the customer, the design and installation organization, as well as the fire inspectorate, the architecture department and the SES.

Installation of autonomous gas heating in an apartment

If you decide to turn off the central heating, then you should know how to install individual heating in the apartment, and what elements are needed for this. It would be better to entrust this procedure to professionals.

Autonomous heating installation diagram

The installation of a gas boiler is carried out in compliance with certain requirements for its placement.
So, it should not be closer than 20 cm from other household appliances or flammable materials (this distance can be greater (30-50 cm), which depends on the boiler model). Also, you should not place the heating device between walls or near a window, although the power source, on the contrary, should be as close as possible. Important! As soon as you select a suitable location, be sure to check the purchased gas boiler for the presence of all fastening and additional elements: mounting templates, fixtures and brackets, because if they are absent, it will be problematic to make autonomous heating in the apartment using the same gas boiler.
In addition, be sure to compare the technical characteristics declared by the manufacturer (indicated on the packaging) with the values indicated on the identification plate located on the inside of the front cover of the boiler.

Before you proceed to installing the equipment, be sure to flush all the boiler pipes and the system as a whole, which will help remove foreign particles that often get inside the system during factory assembly.

The strips for mounting the boiler (included in the kit and fixed to the wall with anchors) are placed at a distance of 1.0-1.6 m from the floor. The wall must be level and strong enough, otherwise it will not be able to support the weight of the boiler and all related devices.

To prevent clogging of the heat exchanger, it is better to install an angle-type mesh filter at the water outlet. Ball valves are located on both sides of it, which will facilitate the maintenance and repair of the boiler in the future. After this, you also need to check the evenness of the equipment, because skew in any direction can cause extremely undesirable consequences.

At the next stage, as soon as the boiler takes its place on the wall, it is necessary to connect the heating and water supply system pipelines to it (before connecting the boiler to the water pipes, be sure to remove all plugs installed on the pipes). The connection between the boiler and the pipeline is made using polypropylene couplings, at one end of which there is a thread with union nuts, and the second part is soldered to the pipe.

Wall-mounted double-circuit gas boilers have 5 outputs:

1 – treatment, used to return cooled coolant from the heating system back to the boiler;
2 – supplies cold water from the water supply;
3 – gas tube;
4 – is responsible for the output of hot water for the water supply system;
5 – supply tube through which the hot coolant is directed into the heating system.

Important! For different boiler models, these tubes may have different locations, so to avoid mistakes, always study the technical documentation that comes with the boiler.
Single-circuit boilers have only 3 outputs: gas, supply and treatment.

Ball valves are installed on all boiler pipes, and they are present even where at first glance it seems that there are none.

The process of installing a wall-mounted boiler is described in great detail in its passport, so you can find answers to almost all the questions that you will have during the installation process in this manual.

But do not forget that only a specialist from the gas service can connect the boiler to the gas pipe. A gas tap or ball valve (certified only), a gas meter, a thermal shut-off valve and a gas alarm are installed in front of the boiler. It is necessary to ensure constant open access to the gas tap.

Remember! Connecting on your own is a very dangerous activity.

Boiler installation tips

A gas heating project in an apartment is the first step towards installing a boiler. In this matter, it is worth considering a number of recommendations from experts. For example, it is very important to fix the mounting bracket clearly parallel to the floor so that the boiler is positioned without distortions (you can use a level or plumb line to check the evenness). Although there are no serious requirements for wall-mounted boilers, when placing them it is worth maintaining a minimum distance from the boiler to the nearest walls or cabinets: on the side - 25 mm, on top - 20 cm, on the bottom - 25 cm, on the front side - 100 mm (if you plan to hide the equipment behind the door).

If the gas boiler is attached to a partition made of flammable materials, then a protective sheet of metal (at least 3 mm thick) should act as a kind of gasket, and the boiler itself will be fixed at a distance of 5 cm from the wall. We also must not forget about the load-bearing capacity of the partition itself - it must support the weight of the unit and additional equipment.

Safety Compliance

When putting the boiler into operation, the city gas representative conducts initial training with adult users of gas equipment on the rules of safe operation.

During the instruction process, users are introduced to the requirements and prohibitions when operating the gas supply system, for example, the inadmissibility of unauthorized conversion of the gas supply system in the house.

Responsibilities of the owner of a gas boiler in an apartment:

It is necessary to carefully learn the rules for using the boiler and follow them during operation.
Carefully monitor the proper operation of the double-circuit gas boiler and auxiliary equipment according to the manufacturer’s regime maps.
Carry out periodic cleaning of the internal and external heating surfaces of the boiler from scale and soot, as well as cleaning of the gas exhaust channels.
Constantly monitor the presence of draft in the firebox.
Instantly notify the gas distribution department about problems in the apartment’s gas system.
If the gas supply suddenly stops, turn off all gas valves in the apartment and notify the service by calling 04.

In addition, when leaving the apartment for more than 30 days, you need to notify the gas service about the absence of residents and leave them your contact information for communication in case of emergencies on the gas line.